The use of
renewable energy sources is becoming increasingly necessary, if we are
to achieve the changes required to address the impacts of global
warming. Biomass is the most common form of renewable energy, widely
used in the third world but until recently, less so in the Western
world. Latterly much attention has been focused on identifying suitable
biomass species, which can provide high-energy outputs, to replace
conventional fossil fuel energy sources. The type of biomass required is
largely determined by the energy conversion process and the form in
which the energy is required. In the first of three papers, the
background to biomass production (in a European climate) and plant
properties is examined. In the second paper, energy conversion
technologies are reviewed, with emphasis on the production of a gaseous
fuel to supplement the gas derived from the landfilling of organic
wastes (landfill gas) and used in gas engines to generate electricity.
The potential of a restored landfill site to act as a biomass source,
providing fuel to supplement landfill gas-fuelled power stations, is
examined, together with a comparison of the economics of power
production from purpose-grown biomass versus waste-biomass. The third
paper considers particular gasification technologies and their potential
for biomass gasification.
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